From Bodh Gaya to Tawang: Buddha Purnima across India

Celebrating the life and teachings of the enlightened one

Buddha Purnima, the birth anniversary of Lord Gautama Buddha, is not merely a religious festival, but a day that encourages the cultivation of inner peace and universal brotherhood. Whether one is a practising Buddhist or an interested observer, the occasion invites all to reflect on values that go beyond creed and culture.

Buddha Purnima, also known as Buddha Jayanti or Vesak, which falls this year on May 12, is among the most sacred festivals for Buddhists across the world. In India, the birthplace of Buddhism, the occasion holds deep spiritual significance.

The festival which occurs on the full moon day of the Hindu month of Vaisakha, which normally falls in April or May is a reminder of the core values that Gautama Buddha preached, such as compassion, non-violence and the pursuit of enlightenment through the Middle Path. For millions of followers, the day serves as a moment of reflection, introspection and renewed commitment to spiritual growth and selflessness.

Buddha Purnima also draws attention to the universal relevance of Buddhist philosophy in today’s world, promoting mindfulness, inner peace and harmonious living. The teachings of the Buddha, over 2,500 years old, remain a guiding light for seekers of wisdom and peace.

The day of the festival begins with devotees visiting Buddhist temples to offer prayers, chant scriptures such as the tripitaka and take part in sermons on the life and teachings of the Buddha. Meditation sessions are held and monks deliver discourses to guide followers in their spiritual journey.

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One of the central aspects of the festival is the practice of dāna or charity. Devotees engage in acts of kindness such as distributing food, clothes and essentials to the needy, releasing birds or animals as symbolic gestures of compassion and supporting charitable institutions.

Many temples are adorned with flags, flowers and candles. In Bodh Gaya, Bihar, the Bodhi Tree, under which Siddhartha attained enlightenment, is especially honoured with offerings of water, incense and lamps.

Must-visit places in India during Buddha Purnima

India offers several destinations where one can witness the grandeur and depth of Buddha Purnima celebrations:

Bodh Gaya, Bihar

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The most sacred Buddhist site in the world, Bodh Gaya is where the Buddha attained enlightenment. The Mahabodhi Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage site, becomes the centre of global pilgrim activity during the festival. International monks, scholars and devotees gather here for special prayers, meditation and discourses.

Sarnath, Uttar Pradesh

This is where the Buddha delivered his first sermon after enlightenment. On Buddha Purnima, the Dhamek Stupa and nearby temples host peaceful processions and prayer meetings. The Archaeological Museum also attracts history enthusiasts.

Kushinagar, Uttar Pradesh

Believed to be the site where the Buddha attained parinirvana, Kushinagar holds special significance on this day. The Mahaparinirvana Temple and Ramabhar Stupa draw large crowds of monks and pilgrims who pay homage to the departed teacher.

Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh

The seat of the Tibetan Government-in-Exile, Dharamsala is a vibrant place to experience Buddhist celebrations, especially with the presence of the Dalai Lama, if public teachings are held. Monasteries like Namgyal and Tsuglagkhang organise spiritual programmes and community prayers.

Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh

Nestled in the Eastern Himalayas, Tawang Monastery, one of the largest in India comes alive with chanting, butter lamp offerings and cultural performances during Buddha Purnima.

Bylakuppe, Mysore

Home to one of the largest Tibetan settlements in South India, Bylakuppe offers a serene and spiritually rich atmosphere during Buddha Purnima. The Namdroling Monastery, also known as the Golden Temple, becomes a focal point of celebration. Monks wearing maroon and saffron robes perform elaborate rituals, recite sacred texts and lead meditation sessions.

Devotees and visitors witness colourful processions, butter lamp offerings and traditional Tibetan chants that echo the message of peace and compassion.